The Effects Of Drug Use On College Students - 1266 Words

College students have many challenges including grades, money, and other social activities. An obstacle to the success of students in all of these areas is drug use. Most of college students’ problems streamline from their problems with drugs. Grades steadily start to decrease due to a college student’s neglect towards school and more towards their wanting to party. A student that uses drugs often does not know how to interact with others while sober. Also, they act as if they have an antic disposition while under the influence. Drug use will ultimately have a negative effect on college students including poor grades, lack of social interaction, and addiction problems for the rest of their lives. Drug use can have a negative effect on a student’s ability to learn which can result in poor grades. Being intoxicated, can decrease the ability of a person to concentrate, remember things, and shorten ones attention span. There can be lingering cognitive deficits up to 48 hours after a night of drinking (Schwartz). This suggests that if a student has exams on a Monday and drinks on Friday it will hinder their ability to study and perform on those exams. This can also be the case if the student studies for hours then goes out drinking as it will hinder the student’s ability to remember the things he/she studied. Class participation is adversely affected after a long night of drinking. Marijuana has almost the same effects but it is varied greatly due how potentate the substanceShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe college campuses in the United States have the majority of the population that uses drugs among society (Wadley Carlier, 2014). The ages of these students range from â€Å"18 to 24† that are the most likely candidates to use marijuana and are more susceptible to use and find themselves addicted while they are in college (College Drug Abuse, 2015). There is conflict on college campuses between the state and federal government laws because the college is ran by the state by falls under federal lawsRead Moredrugs and alcohol on college students1105 Words   |  5 PagesBrews Drugs and alcohol, do they have a significant impact on the lives of college students or just the ones that fall short to the influence? There is a major problem with students using and abusing these substances, not only does it have negative effects on the user, but on the user s friends and family as well. A lot of drugs and alcohol become easily available to college students over the course of their college years. What can be done to help prevent students from abusing drugs and alcoholRead MoreEssay On Cognition Enhancers1273 Words   |  6 PagesA common trend on college campuses is the use of performance enhancing drugs for both academic and athletic motives. Most college students know of someone who abuses one of these drugs with the most common being cognition enhancers like Adderall and Ritalin. (Greely 2008) These medications are only available legally by prescription, therefore students are illegally dealing to each other for the buying and selling of these drugs. Their p urpose for using is to have an advantage over their peers, despiteRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd ) Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesstimulant drugs, methylphenidate (Ritalin) and mixed amphetamine salts (Adderall) (â€Å"Towards responsible use† 2008). ADHD symptoms can be diagnosed in a child or an adult, and when treated with Ritalin or Adderall it helps to increase attention span, and decrease impulsive behaviour and hyperactivity (Advokat Scheithauer 2013) within the individual. While this is good for people with ADHD, psychologists are finding more and more use of these stimulant drugs by healthy college students. Non-ADHDRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1515 Words   |  7 PagesMore than half of college students throughout their academic career have either experienced or been exposed to some type of illicit drug. One of the most commonly found illicit drugs found on college campuses have been marijuana. Marijuana is used to amplif y perception, affect the frame of mind, and relax. Signs of marijuana use includes red eyes, sluggishness, and awkward body movement. With the usage of marijuana in earlier years being illegal in all states in America, the last couple of yearsRead More College Candy Making Success That Much Sweeter Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesmeasures.† American college students of the 21st century have been forcefully subjected to highly competitive environments due to a multitude of external factors. As of late, the prescription drug, Adderall has become the drug of choice for ambitious college students, and has earned the title of being today’s college candy and academic steroid. First introduced and approved by the U.S. FDA, Adderall became the common treatment for those suffering from ADHD and narcolepsy. The drug is considered a scheduleRead MorePrevalence of Stimulant Abuse on College Campuses Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pagesamong college students is crucial to understand ho w widespread this growing problem is. Understanding the extent of stimulant misuse can lead to better education among college students about the dangers of illicit stimulant use and the potential risks and side effects. In studies done at the University of Michigan and the University of Rhode Island, it was found that many students had used prescription stimulants illegally at one point or another in their lifetime, and found access to drugs suchRead MoreKyle Craig and his Abuse on Adderall1698 Words   |  7 PagesNearly five years ago, Kyle Craig, a well-rounded and bright student at Vanderbilt University, took his life at the young age of 21. Kyle was described to be a â€Å"confident, but not arrogant† young man. He had a solid 3.5 grade point average and was extremely active in his fraternity. His parents said he was, â€Å"†¦a thrill a minute, focused, happy, achieving and social† (James). Kyle, in short, seemed to have it all together. What no one knew is that Kyle illegally looked to Adderall to keepRead MoreEssay about drugs1091 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout history, America has been fighting against drug and alcohol abuse in teens and adults. Many ways companies and anti drug groups try to prevent drug and alcohol abuse is through education in school systems and out of school systems. They teach young students about drugs and alcohol before they risk being around them, and they teach older students about drugs while they are around in their daily lives. Are these education programs really necessary? That’s the question many people ask,Read MoreThe Effects Of Negative Habits On College1681 Words   |  7 PagesHabits in College Negative habits such as alcoholism, abuse of drugs, sleep deprivation, and procrastination impact minority students more than non-minority students. Many students go off to college every year and do not stay on track. They begin college with the best of intentions: go to class, excel, and eventually graduate. College is very fun, but it is also a time in your life where you have to learn what to put first, and what can wait for later. Some students such as minority students forget

Canterville Ghost Chapter 1 Summary - 4143 Words

Chapter I When Mr. Hiram B. Otis, the American Minister, bought Canterville Chase, every one told him he was doing a very foolish thing, as there was no doubt at all that the place was haunted. Indeed, Lord Canterville himself, who was a man of the most punctilious honour, had felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr. Otis when they came to discuss terms. We have not cared to live in the place ourselves, said Lord Canterville, since my grand-aunt, the Dowager Duchess of Bolton, was frightened into a fit, from which she never really recovered, by two skeleton hands being placed on her shoulders as she was dressing for dinner, and I feel bound to tell you, Mr. Otis, that the ghost has been seen by†¦show more content†¦They were delightful boys, and with the exception of the worthy Minister the only true republicans of the family. As Canterville Chase is seven miles from Ascot, the nearest railway station, Mr. Otis had telegraphed for a waggonette to meet them, and they started on their drive in high spirits. It was a lovely July evening, and the air was delicate with the scent of the pinewoods. Now and then they heard a wood pigeon brooding over its own sweet voice, or saw, deep in the rustling fern, the burnished breast of the pheasant. Little squirrels peered at them from the beech-trees as they went by, and the rabbits scudded away through the brushwood and over the mossy knolls, with their white tails in the air. As they entered the avenue of Canterville Chase, however, the sky became suddenly overcast with clouds, a curious stillness seemed to hold the atmosphere, a great flight of rooks passed silently over their heads, and, before they reached the house, some big drops of rain had fallen. Standing on the steps to receive them was an old woman, neatly dressed in black silk, with a white cap and apron. This was Mrs. Umney, the housekeeper, whom Mrs. Otis, at Lady Cantervilles earnest request, had consented to keep on in her former position. She made them each a low curtsey as they alighted, and said in a quaint, old-fashioned manner,I bid you welcome to Canterville Chase. Following her, they passed through the fine Tudor hall into the library, a long, low room,

Proper Role of Government Free Essays

Describe the government and domestic environment of the country where your company is headquartered, then describe the international environment. Outline what organizations you may be associated with. (Example; WTO, OPEC, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Proper Role of Government or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) Examine the 1st  country of International growth you outlined in your 10 year vision. Why did you strategically select that country? In what ways will your company contribute to the foreign country’s economic development? Are there any political concerns associated with expansion into this country? Why or why not? How do you plan to develop a good working relationship with the foreign country? Government Regulation on Media in America iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/government-regulation-on-media-in-america/embed/#?secret=ApVRFHEcaK" data-secret="ApVRFHEcaK" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Government Regulation on Media in America#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe Put together a SWOT analysis for your company. (This is considered an exhibit) Put together a PEST Analysis (exhibit) for the country you identified as the country into which your initial global expansion will take place. While maintaining its relationship with the United States, Japan has diversified and expanded ties with other nations. Having good relations with its neighbors can be a vital interest. Japan extended significant economic assistance to the Chinese in various modernization projects and supported Chinese membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO). AIG† Japan contains in depth information and data about the company and its operations. The company contains an overview, business description, financial ratios, SWOT analysis, key competitors, key facts, key employees, locations and branches as well as information on products and services. The SWOT analysis the company profile can be crucial for the industry executives and anyone looking to gain a better understa nding of the company’s business. So, the SWOT Analysis utilizes a wide range of primary and secondary sources. As learned from reading the chapters and from the PowerPoint slides, SWOT is an abbreviation for the internal Strengths and Weaknesses of a firm and the environmental Opportunities and Treats facing that firm. SWOT analysis is a widely used technique through which managers create a quick overview of a company’s strategic situation. The technique is based on the traditions that an effective strategy derives from a sound â€Å"fit† between a firm’s internal resources (strengths and weaknesses) and its external situation (opportunities and treats). A good fit maximizes a firm’s strengths and opportunities and minimizes its weaknesses and threats. Accurately applied, this simple assumption has powerful implications for the design of successful strategy. AIG (American International Group) is one of the world’s leading insurance and financial services organizations, with operations in more than 130 countries. With a market capitalization of like $200 billion, AIG is like in the top ten most company in the world. AIG’s subsidiaries are leading providers of retirement services, financial services and asset management around the world. The group was the second largest insurance group in the world after China Life Insurance. SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) Location| Types of Factor| | Favorable| Unfavorable| Internal| Strength * Global leading provider of financial services * Expanding global reach * Diversified product portfolio and new product development * Corporate advertising and brand building sponsorships| Weaknesses * US residential mortgage market exposure * History of regulatory investigations * Declining cost efficiencies | External | Opportunities * Acquisitions * Growth in asset management industry| Threats * US recession and volatility in financial markets * Industry consolidation| Japan has faced a number of external challenges over the long term, most of which relate to the rising importance of China and the associated threat to Japan’s pre-eminent political and economic position in the Asia region. The country’s long-term outlook is also strongly influenced by its demographics. Current trends indicate that the rate of decline in the working-age population will outpace that in the population as a whole. On the positive side, in 2021-30 Japan will see an increase in its rate of GDP growth per head to 1. 7% a year, from around 1% a year in the first two decades of the century. Productivity growth will also accelerate in the latter part of the long-term forecast period. The environment has some current issues with the air pollution from power plant emissions results in acid rain; acidification of lakes and reservoirs degrading water quality and threatening aquatic life. Japan is one of the largest consumers of fish and tropical timber. | 2012-20| 2021-30| 2012-30| Growth and productivity (% change; annual av)| Growth of real GDP per head| 1. 5| 1. 7| 1. 6| Growth of real GDP| 1. 0| 1. 0| 1. 0| Labour productivity growth| 1. 9| 1. 8| 1. 8| How to cite Proper Role of Government, Papers

Pathophysiology of Pneumothorax for Thoracic- MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePathophysiology of Pneumothorax for Thoracic Disease. Answer: Introduction The existence of air inside the pleural space is known as pneumothorax (Lichtenstein, 2016). Usually, air do not get inside the pleural space since the amount of the incomplete gas pressures in the tube blood is about 93.9KPa (Hobbs et al., 2014). Thus, the net movement of gasses into the pleural space from the capillary blood requires that the pleural pressures be lower than 54mmHg. This hardly ever occurs under normal circumstances. Therefore, there are there critical factors that may result in the occurrence of air in the pleural space, namely; direct or indirect interaction amid the air as well as the pleural space; interaction taking place between pleura and the alveolar; as well as the occurrence of a gas producing organism in the pleural space (Hobbs et al., 2014). Clinically, pneumothorax is classified as primary, secondary, catamenial, non-iatrogenic and traumatic pneumothorax (Boskovic et al., 2014). These different types have been briefly highlighted below. This paper disc usses this condition, pneumothorax, using Leigh Richards case. The case study has been described below. The paper discusses the pathophysiology of a pneumothorax as well as the USWD as a way of treating the condition. The paper also describes two signs presented by the patient. The Case Study The patient by the name Leigh Richards is 39 years old and he is married with three kids he is also an irrigation advisor at Murray Bridge. The patient got a serious accident and was retrained after the rally car they were in hit a tree while speeding on a dirt road. The patient was removed from the car through inline extrication after emergency services were called. When he arrived in the hospital, he was drowsy and disoriented. The patients left superior arm was enlarged, it was so painful that touching or moving it was not easy, and it had a distortion as well. As a result trauma X-rays were conducted, after which the patient was diagnosed to have developed left pneumothorax, fibula and left tibia, subdural hematoma, as well as left humerus. Mr. Leigh Richards was then taken to the theater for surgery since he had an ORIF for left lower leg and ORIF for left humerus. The Sub Dural hematoma is being addressed conventionally. The neurovascular assessment has obtained slight tingling of the fifth finger, as well as weakness in left leg and arm. The patients daughter who is a nursing student (second year) requests for an explanation of the pathophysiology of pneumothorax because she fails to understand why they develop into pneumothorax when UWSD insertion is not applied. She also requests for additional information on the UWSD insertion technique. Classifications of Pneumothorax The condition is classified based on the causes. The various classes are: Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: This usually occurs in tall, thin, adolescent makes. Smoking has also been associated with the condition (Tschopp et al., 2015) Since the pleural compression gradient is more in the lung apex than in the lower part of the lung, in tall people, a greater mean descending pressure is subjected in the alveoli in the lung apex (Aziz, Patel, Ie Rubio, 2016). With time, the high descending pressure may lead to the development of subpleural bleb. It has been obtained that the condition is more prevalent in heavy smokers than non-smokers. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax: This condition results in individuals who already have a lung condition. The occurrence of the condition is the same as that of main impulsive pneumothorax. The condition is common in old individuals. Catamenial pneumothorax: this condition develops at the onset of or within twenty-four to seventy-two hours after the start of menses, and is recurrent (Kolos, Dzhieshev, Dikolaev Amangaliev, 2015). The initial development does not normally occur until the female is in her thirties. The pathophysiology of catamenial pneumothorax is still not clear. Noniatrogenic pneumothorax: this condition develops shortly after birth in about 2% of infants. The condition is twice as common is males than females. The cases of the condition are common in preterm birth as well as low birth weight. The pathophysiology of non-iatrogenic pneumothorax is linked to motorized problems of the initial increasing of the lungs. Traumatic pneumothorax: This condition results from either a penetrating injury or blunt trauma to the walls of the chest. The condition may happen simultaneously with the injury, immediately after the injury, or later on. Apart from penetrating trauma, the condition can result from the secondary laceration of the visceral pleural after dislocation or rib fracture. The abrupt compression increases the pressure in the alveoli, which may result to rupture of the alveoli. Blunt trauma can also cause the rapturing of the alveoli. When a penetrating trauma occurs, the air gets into the pleural space directly via the wound on the wall of the chest. This class of pneumothorax is further divided into; open, simple and pull pneumothorax. The meek pneumothorax is where the air coming from the destroyed lungs enter the pleural space. In case the wound is big enough to allow air to freely pass freely into and outside the pleural space, then the condition is referred to as open pneumothorax. In t he open pneumothorax case, the atmospheric stress is in balance with the intrapleural stress (Aziz, Patel, Ie Rubio, 2016). This blocks the lung inflation as well as the ventilation of the alveoli. As a result, the air moves with sped via the wound into the wall of the chest, as usually produces a lapping sound. In many cases, the lungs collapse. This makes it critical to seal the open wound using a Vaseline gauze and put a chest tube, as an emery measure. Tension pneumothorax usually results from the injury of the lungs or the chest walls. In this case, on way valve mechanism results, where the air goes into the pleural space and gets trapped inside, making it impossible to expel during expiration (Roberts et al., 2014). In such a case, the inter-thoracic pressure rises making the lungs to collapse (Ianniello, Di Giacomo, Sessa Miele, 2014). The collapse of the walls shifts the mediastinum away from the injured side, leading to reduced venous return to the heart, hypoventilation, as well as development of obstructive shock (Roberts et al., 2014). The patient in the case study, Leigh Richards, suffer from this condition. The General Pathophysiology of a Pneumothorax In normal individuals, due to the inherent tendencies of the lungs to collapse as well as the chest wall to expand, the stress inside the pleural space is less in relation to the atmospheric stress. An interaction amid the alveoli as well as the pleural space causes airflow down the stress gradient until the attainment of equilibrium or until the interaction is sealed. As the pneumothorax expands, the lungs reduce in size. The major physiologic result of this occurrence is a reduction in the vital capacity and the oxygens partial pressure (Ianniello, Di Giacomo, Sessa Miele, 2014). The young and healthy individuals can tolerate these changes effectively with minimal changes in crucial symptoms. However, those individuals having lung diseases may experience respiratory distress. The decrease in the vital capacity cases respiratory insufficiency as well as respiratory acidosis and hypoventilation of the alveoli. Many individuals with the condition have increased alveolar-arterial oxyg en tension difference and reduced arterial PO2 (Ianniello, Di Giacomo, Sessa Miele, 2014). Pharmacology of Pneumothorax The tension pneumothorax in the case study requires rapid treatment using anesthetics and analgesics. However, these analgesics and anesthetics should be administered when the patient is not in distress. The aim of the pharmacotherapy is to reduce the level of mobility and stop further complications (Stoelting Hillier, 2012). The local anesthetics are applied for analgesia during thoracentesis and placement of the chest tube. The local anesthetic like Lidocaine Hydrochloride is easily absorbed into the mucous membranes after being applied topically. The rate of absorption is based on the site of application, duration of exposure, and the total dosage. The drugs mode of action is through reduction of the permeability of sodium ions in the neuronal membranes, leading to inhibition of depolarization as well as blocking the transmission of nerve impulses (Stoelting Hillier, 2012). The known adverse effect of using the local anesthetic is allergic reactions. The opiate analgesics agents are also used for the purpose of reducing or controlling pain (Trang et al., 2015). Reduction of pain is a good for patient care as it improves the comfort of the patient. The mode of mot analgesics is through sedation, benefiting individuals with painful skin lesions. The drugs are crucial when placing the chest tubes and for controlling pain following the procedure (Trang et al., 2015). Signs and Symptoms The patients was experiencing pain, was drowsy and disoriented. These conditions are closely linked with the abnormal functioning of the respiratory system. On performing UWSD, it was obtained that the lower part of the chest channel was fluctuation and draining small amounts of severe fluid while the upper part of the chest tube was swaying and intimately sparkling with no draining. This indicates that the pneumothorax had been forming on the chest region. Pneumothorax entail formation of both fluid and air in the pleural space. As such the upper region may had only air while the lower region had both air and fluid. Under Water Sealed Drains (UWSD) These are chest drains implanted to permit draining of fluid, air, and blood out of pleural spaces (Zarogoulidis et al., 2014). The draining permits lungs expansion as well as restores the bad pressure in the thoracic opening. The operation is as well executed with the aim of preventing air backflow and fluid (Huang et al., 2014). There are three basic components of the chest drain systems. The first one is the chest tube that is introduced in the pleural space to permit air as well as fluid to get out. The system has six-foot long patient elastic pipes connecting the chest tube and the chest drain structure (Zarogoulidis et al., 2014). The other component is the drainage system that has; a collection chamber for collecting fluids and measurement if the drainage volume; a one-way water seal section or valve that allows the air or fluid inside to leave while preventing entry of the outside air; and a suction for controlling the amount of negative pressure subjected to the chest (Zarog oulidis et al., 2014). There are two main types of chest tubes namely; the thoracotomy and the trocar chest tubes. These tubes are different in their design but perform similar functions in an almost similar manner (Zarogoulidis et al., 2014). There is a specific procedure for using the UWSD technique, which begins with strategic positioning of the patient to allow for high oxygen flow (Kirmani Page, 2014). Aseptic techniques are used to fill the syringe with 5ml of normal saline or water. The next step entails location of a landmark and cleaning the area using a disinfectant (Kirmani Page, 2014). The needle is, then, perpendicularly inserted above the third rib while drawing the syringe back causing the solution to bubble. Once this is done, the syringe is inserted further 5mm, after which the catheter is advanced into the pleural space. The stylette is then placed into a sharps container, and a one-way-valve is attached to the IV Catheter. Strappings are used to secure the Catheter and the valve. The l ast step is the reassessment of the chest for improvement, and when o improvement is determined then insertion of another needle close to the initial one is done. Conclusion Pneumothorax is a condition where air, blood or fluid occurs in the pleural space (Ouellette et al., 2014). The condition is a result of the rupture in the pleura or the visceral. Even though the pathophysiology of the condition is not fully established, it is known that the negative pleural pressures contribute to the manifestation of the condition. If the interaction between the alveoli and the pleura develops, air flows into the pleural space till an equilibrium stress is attained or until the interaction is stopped (Ouellette et al., 2014). The elastic recoil feature of the lungs may cause them to fall if there is no negative intrapleural pressure to hold the lungs together. The major physiologic consequences of the condition include a reduction in the vital capacity as well as a reduction in the unfinished pressure of the arterial oxygen. The condition can be well-tolerated in healthy individuals (Panigrahi Pradhan, 2016). However, when an individuals lungs had been compromised before the development of the condition, the development of the condition leads to respiratory insufficiencies, respiratory acidosis, as well as hypoventilation of the alveoli. The pathophysiology of tension pneumothorax is similar to the one-way regulator course, where the valve opens for inspiration but fails to open for respiration. In case the extrathoracic pressure continues to be greater than the stress in the pneumothorax for a while, then the air occupies similar to the single-way regulator procedure, where the valve opens for inspiration but fails to open for respiration. In case the extrathoracic pressure continues to be greater as compared to the pressure in the pneumothorax for a while, after which the air occupying the pleural space as well as the ambient atmosphere will start to get close to equilibrium (David, Pompeo, Fabbi Dauri, 2015). This stage may cause shifting of the mediastinal, and solidity of the contralateral lung and the superior vena cava. The reduced volume returning to the heart results in reduced volume stroke, and thus, reduced cardiac output. This ultimately causes obstructive shock and hemodynamic collapse. The diagnosis o f the condition can be through assessment of the patients history, physical examination as well as through x-ray scanning. The condition is managed either conservatively, use of UWSD or surgical procedures (Porpodis et al., 2014) Reference Aziz, S.G., Patel, B.B., Ie, S.R. and Rubio, E.R., 2016. The Lung Point Sign, not Pathognomonic of a Pneumothorax.Ultrasound Quarterly,32(3), pp.277-279. Boskovic, T., Stanic, J., Pena-Karan, S., Zarogoulidis, P., Drevelegas, K., Katsikogiannis, N., Machairiotis, N., Mpakas, A., Tsakiridis, K., Kesisis, G. and Tsiouda, T., 2014. Pneumothorax after transthoracic needle biopsy of lung lesions under CT guidance.Journal of thoracic disease,6(1), pp.S99-S107. David, P., Pompeo, E., Fabbi, E. and Dauri, M., 2015. Surgical pneumothorax under spontaneous ventilationeffect on oxygenation and ventilation.Annals of translational medicine,3(8). Hobbs, B.D., Foreman, M.G., Bowler, R.P., Jacobson, F., Make, B.J., Silverman, E.K. and Hersh, C.P., 2014. Pneumothorax risk factors in smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from the COPDGene Study. InD39. CONNECTING THE DOTS: DRAWING LINES BETWEEN COPD AND COMORBID CONDITIONS(pp. A5830-A5830). American Thoracic Society. Ianniello, S., Di Giacomo, V., Sessa, B. and Miele, V., 2014. First-line sonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax in major trauma: accuracy of e-FAST and comparison with multidetector computed tomography.La radiologia medica,119(9), pp.674-680. Kirmani, B.H. and Page, R.D., 2014. Pneumothorax and insertion of a chest drain.Surgery (Oxford),32(5), pp.272-275. Kolos, A., Dzhieshev, Z., Dikolaev, V. and Amangaliev, A., 2015. Catamenial Pneumothorax.Experimental and clinical transplantation: official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation,13, pp.144-145. Lichtenstein, D.A., 2016. BLUE-Protocol and Pneumothorax. InLung Ultrasound in the Critically Ill(pp. 195-199). Springer International Publishing. Legras, A., Mansuet-Lupo, A., Rousset-Jablonski, C., Bobbio, A., Magdeleinat, P., Roche, N., Regnard, J.F., Gompel, A., Damotte, D. and Alifano, M., 2014. Pneumothorax in women of child-bearing age: an update classification based on clinical and pathologic findings.CHEST Journal,145(2), pp.354-360. Ouellette, D.R., Parrish, S., Browning, R.F., Turner Jr, J.F., Zarogoulidis, K., Kougioumtzi, I., Dryllis, G., Kioumis, I., Pitsiou, G., Machairiotis, N. and Katsikogiannis, N., 2014. Unusual causes of pneumothorax.Journal of thoracic disease,6(4), pp.S392-S403. Panigrahi, M.K. and Pradhan, G., 2016. Pneumothorax Ex Vacuo Following Chemotherapy for Malignant Pleural Effusion.Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR,10(8), p.OJ03. Porpodis, K., Zarogoulidis, P., Spyratos, D., Domvri, K., Kioumis, I., Angelis, N., Konoglou, M., Kolettas, A., Kessisis, G., Beleveslis, T. and Tsakiridis, K., 2014. Pneumothorax and asthma.Journal of thoracic disease,6(1), pp.S152-S161. Roberts, D.J., Leigh-Smith, S., Faris, P.D., Ball, C.G., Robertson, H.L., Blackmore, C., Dixon, E., Kirkpatrick, A.W., Kortbeek, J.B. and Stelfox, H.T., 2014. Clinical manifestations of tension pneumothorax: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews,3(1), p.3. Stoelting, R. K., Hillier, S. C. (2012).Pharmacology and physiology in anesthetic practice. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Trang, T., Al-Hasani, R., Salvemini, D., Salter, M.W., Gutstein, H. and Cahill, C.M., 2015. Pain and poppies: the good, the bad, and the ugly of opioid analgesics.Journal of Neuroscience,35(41), pp.13879-13888. Tschopp, J.M., Bintcliffe, O., Astoul, P., Canalis, E., Driesen, P., Janssen, J., Krasnik, M., Maskell, N., Van Schil, P., Tonia, T. and Waller, D.A., 2015. ERS task force statement: diagnosis and treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax.European respiratory journal,46(2), pp.321-335. Zarogoulidis, P., Kioumis, I., Pitsiou, G., Porpodis, K., Lampaki, S., Papaiwannou, A., Katsikogiannis, N., Zaric, B., Branislav, P., Secen, N. and Dryllis, G., 2014. Pneumothorax: from definition to diagnosis and treatment.Journal of thoracic disease,6(4), pp.S372-S376. Huang, Y., Huang, H., Li, Q., Browning, R.F., Parrish, S., Turner Jr, J.F., Zarogoulidis, K., Kougioumtzi, I., Dryllis, G., Kioumis, I. and Pitsiou, G., 2014. Approach of the treatment for pneumothorax.Journal of thoracic disease,6(Suppl 4), p.S416.

Analysis Duke Mitchell Top Gun Essay Example

Analysis Duke Mitchell Top Gun Paper Masterpiece is the only word used to describe this film. Tony Scott, the director, made this film as good as it can get. Following, Top Guns success in box office, with everybody scrambling to watch it, Tony Scott found himself one of Hollywoods best action directors in the 1980s. His best achievement came when Top Gun won an Oscar in 1987 in the Academy Awards in USA. Everybody enjoyed this film, but the question was that did the audience enjoy it? The answer was yes as Top Gun also won the Peoples Choice Award in 1987. Top Gun was released in the USA on the 12th May 1986. Soon later, it had been released in the UK on the 3rd October, 1986. The price-tag stuck on Top Gun had risen over $350 million worldwide and had broken all home-videos record. Top Gun is an action-packed film starring Hollywood star Tom Cruise who is a United States Navy F-14 pilot and plays a fearless character (Maverick/Pete Mitchell). Hes joined by his counterpart Anthony Edwards who plays as (Goose). They are joined by other fighter pilots called Val Kilmer (Ice Man) and Rick Rossovich (Slider) who are Mavericks main rivals. This film it full of action and is about the Cold War between the Americans and the Russians. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis Duke Mitchell Top Gun specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis Duke Mitchell Top Gun specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis Duke Mitchell Top Gun specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Throughout the film there is aerobatics performed at the beginning of the film and the end of the film. These performances are shot with great angle-shots and long-shots adding to the effect on the audience. This is what makes the audience raise their necks to see better on their television screen. It also makes the audience feel like they are part of the action with these effects of high-speed planes whizzing across their television screens. The film begins somewhere above the Indian Ocean where Maverick and Goose are flying wingman Cougar and Merlin and are attempting to try and intercept an unknown bogey (enemy). Cougar looks troubled as he gets surrounded by two bogeys. Cougar says to Maverick that Maverick get down here and get these ass-holes off me. Maverick realises this and teases the bogeys recklessly and intimidates them to follow him leaving Cougar with more room. Maverick wasnt satisfied with the amount of fun he was getting so he tilted on his aircrafts head meaning he could see the opponent face to face. He also sticks a finger at him which shows Mavericks attitude. This also shows that in such dangerous and tight situations, Maverick is not just doing his job, but he is also having fun. After losing the bogeys, Maverick heads to search for Cougar, who emerges to be in some discomfort. Stinger (Instructor) orders Maverick to land as he is low on fuel but Maverick looks determined to rescue Cougar. Maverick spots Cougar in deep shock and tries to motivate him by saying Come on Cougar, this is a walk in the park. Cougar also stares at his family photo suggesting that hes afraid of losing his family. He rescues Cougar and flies back to base. Cougar, in such shock, explains to Stinger and says that he has lost the edge to continue anymore. Cougar apologises and hands his pilot badge to Stinger. As Cougar has lost the edge to prolong, this leaves Maverick and Goose to fill in Cougars shoes. But firstly, Maverick is ordered to enter Stingers cabin where Stinger describes Maverick as a brave pilot. But knowing the enthusiasm in Maverick, he is upset with Maverick disobeying a direct instruction to land. But Stinger knows that he has a choice to make after Cougars unlikely resignation. He confirms that Maverick and Goose will be going to Miramar, Fighter Town, USA to fly with the best of the best in the piloting business. Im gonna send you up against the best. You two characters are going to Top Gun. Maverick appears to be over the moon after his success which has sent him to Top Gun. He races an aircraft on his motorbike and clinches his fist while punching the air. This is effective to the audience because when somebody climbs a ladder to reach to a higher status, they usually have to earn it. But in this case, with Cougar retiring, the doors have seemed to just have opened for Maverick to enter without earning it. It also is the turning point in the film. This shows that it was in Mavericks destiny to achieve the Top Gun status. It was an unlikely chance of Top Guns number one pilot losing the edge. After testing his instructors patience on his very first day, Stinger had no other choice other than sending Maverick to Top Gun. When Maverick and Goose enter an off-base bar, Maverick sees Charlotte Blackwood, his new civilian teacher. Unfortunately he is unaware of this and foolishly approaches her with a song. He sings the song called Youve lost that Loving Feeling by the Righteous Brothers. This gives you an idea about Mavericks attitude at work and off work. At work he has motivation, concentration and fun and he does the same at the bar. It feels like he aims a target at Charlotte as if he was aiming a target at an enemy in his aircraft. When he sings to her, Charlotte looks around to see if everyone is looking. And sadly for her, even the off-duty pilots join in. To prevent further embarrassment, Charlotte asks Maverick to sit down with her giving him the eye-contact. As they introduce themselves, they begin a back and forth battle of teasing. As Maverick flies in his plane, he flies to Charlotte only to be given grief. Its clear that Maverick wants to chat up Charlotte but she is not going to make it easy for Maverick. It appears that she teases him by insulting him in many ways. The first example is when Maverick introduces himself she replies Did your mother not like you or something. But then Maverick explains to her that it is his call sign. The other example is when Charlotte asks Maverick if he is a good pilot and Maverick replies I can hold my own. Then Charlotte says Great, then I dont have to worry about you making your living as a singer. These silly remarks add to the audiences effect as Maverick is getting shown up and shows everything is not as easy as it looks. In this film, Charlotte Blackwood seems to change as the film moves on. First she was Charlotte then she turns into a new form called Charlie. This can also symbolise that she has fallen for Maverick and has changed to adapt with him. As the film progresses, a commander introduces Charlie to her students as the new civilian teacher who provide information on the enemy aircrafts and aerial combat techniques. When the commander leaves it to Charlie, she faces the class leaving Gooses eye wide open and Maverick shaking his head. Charlie begins to talk about MIG-28s and states that it cannot do a negative G pushover. Having done an inverted dive with a MIG 28, Charlie looks impressed. So, youre the one. When the lesson finishes, Iceman approaches Maverick asking Who was covering Cougar when you were showboating with the MIG. This suggests that where were you when Cougar was in trouble? Anything could have happened to Cougar in the time when Maverick was having fun. Maverick should have been flying wingman with Cougar but where was he afterwards. Maverick was just having fun by sticking the finger and taking photographs over his enemy. Iceman appears to be jealous of Maverick as he has had more success in his flying till date. Iceman has already criticised Mavericks reckless flying when he was showboating. He again criticises Mavericks flying in the changing room by saying Youre everyones problem. Thats because every time you go up in the air, youre unsafe. I dont like you because youre dangerous. That is what Maverick is all about and he takes this as a compliment towards his greatness in his very short flying career. While all this was happening, Maverick and Goose are instructed to get up to Vipers (boss) office after breaking Top Guns rules of engagement. The first was when Maverick flew under the 10,000 feet limit. The second is when Maverick did that circus stunt fly-by after defeating Jester. Goose is a simple family man, who just wants to fly without any hurdles. You can see the worry Goose is in as he fiddles with his hands by scrunching and rubbing it together. His body language suggests that he is unhappy and scared of what the consequences will be. Viper explains to Maverick that he has broke a major rule of engagement and declares that he should obey them like everyone else does. Lieutenant Mitchell, Top Gun rules of engagement exist for your safety and that of your team. They are not flexible, nor am I. Either obey them or youre history. Vipers status at Top Gun is much larger than Mavericks and Viper shows this by looking outside the window. This suggests that hes not even willing to give eye-contact to his pilots. After Maverick and Goose are dismissed from Vipers office, Viper asks his colleague that if you had to go into a battle, would you want him with you? His colleague responds I dont know, I just dont know. This implies that he knows Maverick has the ability to win but on the other hand, Maverick is risky and put his and others lives at risk. However, if you dont know the answer to a question, you say I dont know once. But he says it twice showing that he really is unsure about the question Viper has given him. In the middle of the night, Goose enters Mavericks room claiming that he cant get to bed. When somebody cant get to sleep, the obvious reason is that they must be in deep thought about something. In Gooses case, it is that he wants to graduate not just blow his career. Goose says When I realised we were off to Top Gun, all I could think of what that trophy. Ive got to be straight with you, Mav. Right now I just hope to graduate. This shows that Goose is not here to mess about and ruin his career; he has a family to think about now. He cant let Maverick do circus stunt fly-bys and breaking rules consistently and get into more deep trouble with Viper. He expresses his feeling to Maverick without hesitation. He says to Maverick that I cant blow this. Maverick has no other family, as with his father is classified as dead, the only person he has close to him is Goose. Maverick knows this and says to Goose Youre the only family Ive got. The next scene is when Maverick and Goose face Iceman and Slider in a volleyball match. Maverick and Goose defeat their main rivals but without realising it, time flies by and Maverick gets late for the date with Charlie. He refuses Gooses will to play one last match and heads straight to Charlies house on his motorbike. The motorbike emphasizes a symbol of rebel. Another example of a rebel is the speed the motorbike is going at. Rebels usually have motorbike because they like the speed they are going at. The camera is shot facing the back of Maverick which includes the Ocean line in the frame. The Blue Ocean line shows you the never-ending desire and shows that opportunity never ends for anyone no matter what circumstances they are going through. When Maverick and Charlie settle down and talk face to face, Maverick talks about his father who had apparently disappeared on November 5th, 1965 in an F-4. Deep down in Mavericks heart, he knows that Duke Mitchell didnt screw up, he was a great fighter pilot. With Duke Mitchell classified as dead, Maverick has a reputation to live up to. Charlie even asks Maverick that Is that why youre always second best up there? As at the beginning of the film, Charlie had teased Maverick, it appears that Maverick has replied back by leaving Charlie unsatisfied to have a shower. Charlie wanted more time with Maverick but Maverick teased her and left her alone. Goose is happier than ever after finding out that his family has visited him. He is a loving husband of a loving wife (Carole) and infant boy. This scene shows Goose playing the piano with delight of seeing his family again. Putting the Vipers warning behind him, Goose prepares to enjoy himself with his family, what now includes Maverick. As Maverick and Charlie get to know each other better, Goose, Carole and their son play on the piano. They sing Great Balls Of Fire by Jerry Lee Lewis. Soon after, Maverick and Charlie join in and all characters in this particular scene seem to be one big happy family. The mood in the bar is joyful and upbeat and this scene then contrasts to the scene when everything changes to unhappy. This outlook presents 2 families, being merged into 1 big family. Goose, Carole and their son are like a family to Maverick. Maverick once said Youre the only family Ive got. The excitement in the bar is huge and is shown when Carole says Take me home or lose me forever. Goose replies Show me the way home honey. These two couples are made for each other just like Maverick and Charlie. I just feel sorry for Carole as Goose makes a fool of himself by singing. After the enjoyment is over, all pilots learn that the Top Gun trophy is still up for grabs. The music then played is Danger Zone by Kenny Loggins. This song is always played when the aircraft are flying. Maverick and Goose can see the bogeys in sight and head for their target. But as they moved closer the engine stalls leaving the aircraft into a flat spin. The flat spin was unrecoverable due to the speed it was travelling at. Then, Maverick and Goose had no other choice other than to pull the ejection handle. Maverick said I cant reach the ejection handle. Then Goose tries and does pull the ejection handle, but the trailing canopy breaks his neck and kills him instantly. It was inevitable just after moments of happiness, this tragedy happens. The pulse-aiding music in the bar got the momentum pumping and gets the audience thinking that good things are going to happen. But when you fly with such immense speed you always carry a risk. When Maverick falls into the sea, he desperately grasps Goose already aware of the incident occurred. As Maverick holds him, the music loses its pace and you could mostly hear Gooses craves of Oh no. This is dramatically effective and leaves the audience sad. Half of the viewers mind thinks that hes dead, but the other half tells you that Maverick will save him. When the coast guard says to Maverick Youve got to let him go, sir, it is like Maverick is letting him go physically and mentally. When someone close to you dies you obviously regret it. The moment is like a junction on a motorway splitting apart. The tragic incident leaves Maverick guilty. He thinks that he was the cause of the death. This makes him lacking in confidence and faith in his own ability to fly again. He considers quitting Top Gun. What the hell went wrong? When losing such a close friend, it always leaves you upset and wanting to be with them again. This is what Maverick want. Oh God, I want him back. Moments after the accident, the scene shows Maverick stripped in the bare and empty washroom. This is effective like everything has been taken from him. In this case, its the clothes, Goose, confidence and faith. He also stares in the mirror searching for answers, searching for himself. He is trying to get answers of who was responsible and why? Hes looking for a reflection. Hes been stripped to emotions. I like this scene because I feel it shows a different side to Maverick. Usually, Maverick is aggressive and a fearless character. But now hes broken and upset. Viper enters the washroom and tells Maverick that Goose is dead. He also says that these things happen in careers involving fighter planes. Viper also gives an advice by saying Youve got to let him go. Viper also said The first one dies, you die with them, which suggests that if s a friend or someone close to you dies, half of you die with them, mentally. Wolfman informs Charlie that Maverick just quit Top Gun. Charlie tries to persuade Maverick to continue flying as it wasnt his fault. Even Carole tried to persuade Maverick by saying He loved flying with you Maverick. Hed have flown anyway, without you. Hed have hated it but he would have done it, shows that Carole is trying to make Carole to fly. Its a story about Love vs Loss. Faith is in between the two. When loss gets too big, then faith gets loss with it too. With Maverick confused, he has one last choice to visit Viper and get some advice. While hes there, he discovers a fact that has been haunting him. His father Duke Mitchell, did not mess up, he was a hero. He was shot down in an F4 but refused to go down and doing so, he saved 3 other pilots before going down himself. Duke Mitchells disappearance had been classified because the US Department hoped to avoid an international incident as the incident took place on the wrong line on some map. This mystery has been haunting Maverick and he asks Viper, So he did do it right. And Viper says Yeah he did it right. With Viper telling Maverick this fact, it has lifted the burden and the weight of Mavericks shoulders. With Charlie, Carole and Viper trying to convince Maverick to graduate, it has worked. The burden has been lifted off Mavericks shoulders and this motivates him and he also want to prove him to others. Maverick decides to return to Top Gun and has a mission to face. He must provide air-support to a SS Layton ship which has disabled into foreign territory. Stinger says to all the pilots This is what youve been trained for. When Maverick is held to take off, Iceman seems to be in trouble with 5 bogeys (MIGs) on his back. Without further delay, Maverick is forced to help Iceman and does so after firing lock on all bogeys, one by one. When Iceman has been rescued, Maverick and the other pilots have made their country proud. Maverick become a hero and afterwards, he sits in the bar on his own. All of a sudden, the song Youve lost that loving feeling is heard. When Maverick looks around the bar, he sees Charlie who left the Washington job for Maverick. Conclusion: This film is up there with the best of the best. A feature of this film makes this film a success. The feature is Camera Shots. The camera shots appear from a range of angles. But the quick capturing of the faces to the aircraft adds to the films adrenaline. I enjoyed this film as I enjoyed the action part of the movie. It wasnt just the action part, it was also the romance, comedy and rivalry between particular pilots. The best scene I enjoyed was the scene where Goose died because it shows that when things can go wrong, it does go wrong. That was the case in this film.

buy custom Codification Concepts essay

buy custom Codification Concepts essay Creating an Initial Database Database consists of fields containing individual pieces of data grouped in tables. When creating a database, one determines characteristics of specific data entry. Forms are used for viewing data entry or fields associated to forms. A question creates new tables from existing tables based on the question type. The data formed is then organized in a report according to your requirements. To create a database, chose Database from the menu bar following the procedure, File New Database (Neuman, 2003). One can also access new database by selecting the arrow next to New Icon on the standard tool bar, and from the dropdown menu, select Database. All the processes will open up a new data base. To create a database, you should have a recommended server with the recommended files. Data Editing Data editing consists of removal of bad data by muting. It is a simple method of removing noise when high-amplitude unpredictable events are isolated. Data editing consists of unpredictable events since they leave high amplitude residuals that tend to be expected as prediction errors. In recent times, automatic data editing is used for three dimensional surveys because huge volumes of data used. The huge volumes of data have led to the use of automatic data editing. Large dynamic range of data allows for more accuracy in the desired signal. It is noted that during data collection, high amplitude noise is also collected. The noise is as a result of unwanted signals i.e. ground roll or imperfections of recording instruments. Data processing techniques tend to preserve the amplitudes and since data should be free of noise, clean pre-stack data is recommended. Processes such as pre-stack migration, velocity determination and AVO measurements are therefore recommended. Data editing happen s at two levels, micro and macro editing. Micro editing corrects data at the record level. At this level, error in data is checked in records with the intention of determining the consistency of the data. Macro editing detects errors but after the analysis of aggregate data (Dennard, 2000). Editing is done at different levels such as validity, range, duplication, consistency, historical, statistical and miscellaneous edits. Data Description It involves data analysis and services delivery in a work overloaded with information. It entails knowing statistics (measure obtained in a sample) and different terminologies used in describing data. Such terminologies that include, parameter which is the characteristics obtained in a population. Mean is the sum of the values divided by the number of values and denoted by x (Ercan et al, 2007). Median is the mid point of data after being sorted in ascending or descending order. Mode- is the most frequent number. Skewed Distribution-position of the high value of data, values can be lying towards the head or towards the tail. Weighted mean-mean found when each value is multiplie by its weight and totaled. Symmetric distribution- even or uneven distribution of data values on either side of the mean. Midrange- mean of the lowest value and the highest values. Range-the difference between the highest value and the lowest value, other terms used in describing data include, population Varia nce, sample Variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, empirical or normal rule, standard score or Z-score, percentile, quartile, deciles, lower hinge, upper hinge, box plot, five number summary, inter-quartile range, outlier, mild outliers and extreme outliers (Eriksson et al, 2006). Data Manipulation Data manipulation also refers to as data fudging. It includes making up false data and selecting data for reporting. Examples of selective reporting include, choosing a group of results for final tallying following a pattern that is consistent to the preferred hypothesis. In doing this, one will have to ignore other values, results and data runs contradicting the hypothesis. Positive result entails data runs where the researcher guesses a hidden card or variable at a greater frequency than chance (Bernard, 2000). Manipulation here therefore involves a case where the hypothesis is not confirmed by the totality of the entire research experiment. It is only confirmed by selected group of successful test. In the event of manipulation study results cannot be reproduced by another investigation. Matching Data Variables with Analytical Methods Data variable is a quantity measured on a continuous and infinite scale. It is not measured on a distinct unit demanding yes/no answers. The variables are put down on charts, range charts and standard deviation charts. Analytical methods would be used to match data variables since the methods are used where data outputs has literal peaks. The peak position and size are obtained by mathematical transformation of primary data with unlike form function. In this case the function may be continuously decreasing or increasing in function (Annor-Frempong Duvel, 2011). To match data with analytical methods, first of all the data for several key events are imputed since the data analysis would be based on dissimilar events. The events should be included in the data file to produce consistent results. Secondly, the variables collected in the original questionnaire should be in convenient form for collection. The methods would therefore allow for combination in a form for easy analysis (Griffi s Cooper, 2010). Thirdly, variables arte summarized and included in the record file. The next step would involve calculation where certain indices are calculated and included in the record file. Finally, the data in the record file would be in a standardized format allowing for easy comparison and analysis. Independent Dependent Variables In an experiment, the variable that varies and can be manipulated by the researcher is known as independent variable. It is the presumed cause and the antecedent of a research. In an experiment, this variable is controlled and manipulated. In a non experimental procedure where there is no manipulation, independent variable has an effect on dependent variable (Eriksson et al, 2006). For example, when a research is done on cigarette smoking verses lung cancer, smoking will be the independent variable because it can be manipulated. In other instances, the independent variable is always beyond manipulation and control such cases includes ethnicity and gender. Dependent variable on the other hand is the response that is measured. It is the presumed effect and consequent in a research carried out (Datta, 2010). The variable cannot be manipulated by the researcher instead it is measured or observed for variation as a deduced result of the variation in independent variable. Dependent variabl e is also the status of the outcome in which data contain. Validity Validity is an important aspect in data collection because without it, the research is meaningless with great deal of money, time and energy wasted. According to Duvel (1994), validity entails the meaningfulness, appropriateness and usefulness of inferences made from a test score. For findings to be appropriate, useful and meaningful, it needs to be valid. To have valid research findings, there is need for consideration of context and purpose of survey items to determine the appropriateness inferences (Duvel, 1994). Reliability Tests lacking reliability will indicate ambiguous scores. A test should achieve a reasonable level of reliability in order to be precise. For example, a test with a score 80 may not be different than a score of 90 or 70 in terms of what students know (Ercan et al, 2007). Thus if the test is not reliable it cannot be valid. Precision When requirements in research are not made crystal clear, they are open to misinterpretation. Thus precision is necessary in data collection to limit misinterpretation. The method used in data collection or projects requirements does not matter, what matters are that they should not be too fuzzy (Neuman, 2003). Accuracy Data entry is the most important aspect in data collection, when they are added correctly the information collected helps execute plans correctly or helps achieve a reliable conclusion (Chan, 2004). It also helps in determining goals of the research and rectification of shortcomings encountered. Information collected with mistakes is skewed and inaccurate. Information entered should be accurate and efficient for a research to be precise, reliable and valid. Incorrect data in a database often has a negative effect in full value of research. For example, outdated information in an organization i.e. old appraisals and outdated past due rental notices will make a company appear to be making loses that it actually is. This would impact a business negatively in terms of future financing. Buy custom Codification Concepts essay

Coursework for Week 5 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

For Week 5 - Coursework Example The consumers are aware of their involvement with finance as operations between the parties are transparent. Banks provide ideal information for credit, mortgages and advice on risky investments making consumers have good decision-making in the economy. Business cycles are the fluctuations that an economy experiences over a particular period. In United States, it is usually measured by the national bureau of economic research (NBER) often noted by expansion and recession. The cycle begins with development that shows an economic growth of high income, reduction of unemployment and increased productivity while depression refers to contraction of the exceeding highlighted indicators. For expansion, it is the time from one trough of the previous cycle to peak of the current cycle, and the vice-versa is true for recession. Economists believe that workers should be compensated according to the output of the firm or the economy. Hence, as labor productivity increases, wages should rise in equal measure that has not been the case in the United States (Basu, & Foley, 2013). Inflation has been on the rise while wages are relatively constant over the past few decades; hence their consumption power is reduced as they cannot purchase the bundles of goods as before. Due to this, workers have to worry about their production in the